Luis G. Pájaro-Franco, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Alma Máter de Antioquia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia. Medellín, Colombia
Camila A. Guerrero-Bermúdez, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Alma Máter de Antioquia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia. Medellín, Colombia
Angie K. Pinto-Díaz, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Alma Máter de Antioquia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia. Medellín, Colombia
Sofía Peláez-Quirós, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
María I. Álvarez-Torres, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
Santiago Estrada-Pérez, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
Carolina Cardona-Buitrago, Departamento de Cardiología, Hospital Alma Máter de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
Juan M. Sénior-Sánchez, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Alma Máter de Antioquia; Departamento de Cardiología, Hospital Alma Máter de Antioquia; Departamento de Hemodinamia, Hospital Alma Máter de Antioquia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia. Medellín, Colombia
Introduction: Dyslipidemias are a key risk factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases. This study analyzed the distribution, treatment, and control of dyslipidemias in patients included in a cardiovascular risk prevention program at a high- complexity institution between 2020 and 2024. Methods: A retrospective cohort observational study was conducted. A total of 1,866 patients over 18 years of age with a diagnosis of dyslipidemia according to ATP III criteria were included. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics were analyzed, as well as the impact of different treatments on achieving LDL targets based on cardiovascular risk. Results: Altogether, 63.5% of the patients were women, with a mean age of 69.9 years. The most common dyslipidemias were low HDL cholesterol (62.2%), hypercholesterolemia (57.2%), and mixed dyslipidemia (28.7%). The most common treatment was statins (98.5%), mainly atorvastatin (52.8%) and rosuvastatin (45.5%). Only 60.6% of patients achieved LDL targets, while 63.3% reached triglyceride goals. Comorbidities such as diabetes and coronary artery disease were associated with lower achievement of LDL targets. Adverse effects were reported in 1.6% of cases, with myalgias and cramps being the most frequent. Conclusions: Although high-potency statins were widely used, LDL target achievement remained suboptimal, highlighting the need for more intensive and personalized strategies, particularly for high-risk patients. Structured follow-up proved to be a valuable tool for improving outcomes.
Keywords: Dyslipidemias. Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors. Cardiovascular diseases. PCSK9 inhibitors. Heart disease risk factors.
